Entity that can be manipulated by a program
Value containing digital data, that is, some binary string. It is the role of a datatype to define how some data value can be handled by a program.
Classification of a category of data defined by:
A primitive datatype is a datatype buint into a language
Datatype where a function can be applied to several objects within the datatype, such as a list.
Sytactically allowable parts of a program that may be formed of one or multiple lexical tokens in accordance with the rules of the programming language
It's essentially a piece of code
Construct that is an abstract storage space for value
Programming construct that holds an address to a specific object, possibly limited to holding addresses of a certain object type. It is a type of object
Pointer variable for a sequence container that one defines by a function pointing to the address of the first data value and another pointing to the address after the final data value
Callable construct that executes a sequence of statements when called, possibly returning a value
Function that does not return an object once execution is completed
Callable construct allowing objects to be called like a function
Construct that executes while a certain condition is met or the datatype is exhausted, such as if statements and for loops
Construct that evaluates to some value
Construct that represents some control flow, possibly containing smaller statements and expressions
Construct of text ignored by compilers and interpreters for annotation purposes
An implementation of a sequence container with specific behaviour, such as a stack, queue, heap, array, hash map, linked list, BST and many more. See Data Structures and Algorithms for more information
Data structure behaviour where only the least recent data value to be inserted into the data structure can be accessed. Queue data structures maintain this behaviour.
Data structure behaviour where only the the most recent data value to be inserted into the data structure can be accessed. Stack data structures maintain this behaviour.
Data structure that holds a collection of data objects contiguously
The order in which high and low address bytes of pointers are read in contiguous memory
Automatic memory management system that frees memory that is no longer referenced by the program
Construct that defines a datatype by defining:
Also ambiguously called an 'object', value with the datatype defined by a class that:
Function associatied with a class or the class' instances
Method passed with some class instance
Method implicitly passed with the class
Method which is within the scope of a class but is not passed with a class or some class instance
Concept of having child classes that are variants of their parent class. As an analogy, Ferrari, Honda and Mitsubishi may be child classes of a class Car
Class in the polymorphism from which 'child classes' are created from
Parent class that cannot create instances, however its child classes may create instances
Such a constraint can ensure that objects are of the most specific type possible, hence type erros don't occur
Method that creates an instance of a class; it may return this instance on completion or simply allocate the instance's memory and return void
Method that deletes an instance of a class, disposing it from memory
Type of variable that applies outside of classes in the main code.
A process of code. Multiple threads mean that multiple processes are being done at once, therefore there is concurrency.
Concept of a function calling itself
Accessing a variable, object, or function through a pointer variable's held address, in other words, accessing an object through a pointer variable
Rules for combining symbols to create legal statements and expressions and other constructs
Meaning of statements and expressions computationally
Method of some implementation for analysing the syntax of a program and assigning semantics to each construct
Method of dividing program up into small syntactical units called tokens and applying some set of syntactic grammar rules to infer the semantic construct they represent
Construct representing some syntactical unit
Alphanumeric token that is associated with a certain construct
Symbolic character token associated with a function. They act as syntactic sugar for built in functions
Syntax used to abbreviate a complicated construct into a more human-friendly form
Level on which a construct is recognised. For example, within the construct of a function, can it reference a variable declared outside the function?
Class of programming language that have features that align with a certain programming philosophy
Paradigm classifying languages that gives explicit control flow instructions to execute
Paradigm classifying languages that give the logical properties of a computation but without control flow
Instruction defined by the CPU
Binary string representing an operand that is parsed to the CPU
Form used by HTML to specify the type of media that will be displayed
Variables used within HTML tags to describe the nature of the data that a tag will display